Applied/ACMS/absF22

ACMS Abstracts: Fall 2022

James Hanna (UN-Reno)

Title: A snapping singularity

Abstract: I will discuss our preliminary work (with A. Dehadrai) on the focusing of kinetic energy and the amplification of various quantities during the snapping motion of the free end of a string or chain. This brief but violent event, with its remarkably large spikes in velocity, acceleration, and tension, is an essentially unavoidable feature of flexible structure dynamics, induced by generic initial and boundary conditions. We are guided by an analytical solution for a geometrically singular limit that features a finite-time singularity in other quantities. Regularization of this singularity does not arise from discretization of the continuous string equations or, equivalently, from the physical discreteness of a chain. It is instead associated with a length scale arising from the geometry of the problem, which evolves according to an anomalously slow curvature scaling.

Thomas Chandler (UW)

Title: Fluid–body interactions in liquid crystals: A complex variable approach

Abstract: Fluid anisotropy, or direction-dependent response to deformation, can be observed in biofluids like mucus or, at a larger scale, self-aligning swarms of swimming bacteria. A model fluid used to investigate such environments is a liquid crystal. Large colloidal bodies undergo shape-dependent interactions when placed in such an environment, whilst deformable bodies like red blood cells tend to be stretched, offering a passive means of measuring cell material properties. While numerous methods exist for studying the liquid crystalline configurations and fluid–body interaction for a single body, there are exceedingly few analytical results for the interaction of two or more bodies. In this talk, we will bring the power of complex variables to bear on this problem, presenting a simple methodology to analytically solve for the interactions inside a liquid crystalline environment. This approach allows for the solution of a wide range of problems, opening the door to studying the role of body shape and orientation, liquid crystal anchoring conditions, and body deformability.

Jennifer Franck (UW)

Title: Predictive modeling of oscillating foil wake dynamics

Abstract: Swimming and flying animals rely on the fluid around them to provide lift or thrust forces, leaving behind a distinct vortex wake in the fluid. The structure and size of the vortex wake is a blueprint of the animal’s kinematic trajectory, holding information about the forces and also the size, speed and direction of motion. This talk will introduce a bio-inspired oscillating turbine, which can be operated to generate energy from moving water through lift generation, in the same manner as flapping birds or bats. This style of turbines offers distinct benefits compared with traditional rotation-based turbines such as the ability to dynamically shift its kinematics for changing flow conditions, thus altering its wake pattern. Current efforts lie in predicting the vortex formation and dynamics of the highly structured wake such that it can be utilized towards cooperative motion within arrays of oscillating foils. Using numerical simulations, this talk will discuss efforts towards linking the fluid dynamic wake signature to the underlying foil kinematics, and investigating how that effects the energy harvesting performance of downstream foils. Two machine learning methodologies are introduced to classify, cluster and identify complex vorticity patterns and modes of energy harvesting, and inform more detailed modeling of arrays of oscillating foils.