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The Graduate Logic Seminar is an informal space where graduate students and professors present topics related to logic which are not necessarily original or completed work. This is a space focused principally on practicing presentation skills or learning materials that are not usually presented in a class.
The Graduate Logic Seminar is an informal space where graduate students and professors present topics related to logic which are not necessarily original or completed work. This is a space focused principally on practicing presentation skills or learning materials that are not usually presented in a class.


* '''When:''' Tuesdays 4-5 PM
* '''When:''' Mondays 3:30-4:30 PM
* '''Where:''' Van Vleck 901
* '''Where:''' Van Vleck B139
* '''Organizers:''' [https://www.math.wisc.edu/~jgoh/ Jun Le Goh]
* '''Organizers:''' Karthik Ravishankar and [https://sites.google.com/wisc.edu/antonio Antonio Nakid Cordero]


The talk schedule is arranged at the beginning of each semester. If you would like to participate, please contact one of the organizers.
The talk schedule is arranged at the beginning of each semester. If you would like to participate, please contact one of the organizers.
Line 9: Line 9:
Sign up for the graduate logic seminar mailing list:  join-grad-logic-sem@lists.wisc.edu
Sign up for the graduate logic seminar mailing list:  join-grad-logic-sem@lists.wisc.edu


== Fall 2021 tentative schedule ==
== Fall 2022 ==


To see what's happening in the Logic qual preparation sessions click [[Logic Qual Prep|here]].
=== September 12 - Organizational Meeting ===


=== September 14 - organizational meeting ===
We will meet to assign speakers to dates.


We met to discuss the schedule.
=== '''September 19 - Karthik Ravishankar''' ===
'''Title:''' Lowness for Isomorphism ([https://wiki.math.wisc.edu/images/Karthik_talk.pdf Slides])


=== September 28 - Ouyang Xiating ===
'''Abstract:''' A Turing degree is said to be low for isomorphism if it can only compute an isomorphism between computable structures only when a computable isomorphism already exists. In this talk, we show that the measure of the class of low for isomorphism sets in Cantor space is 0 and that no Martin Lof random is low for isomorphism.


Title: First-order logic, database and consistent query answering
=== '''September 26 - Antonio Nakid Cordero'''  ===
'''Title:''' When Models became Polish: an introduction to the Topological Vaught Conjecture ([[Media:GradLogSem - Topological Vaught Conjecture.pdf|Slides]])


Abstract: Databases are a crucial component of many (if not all) modern
'''Abstract:''' Vaught's Conjecture, originally asked by Vaught in 1961, is one of the most (in)famous open problems in mathematical logic. The conjecture is that a complete theory on a countable language must either have countably-many or continuum-many non-isomorphic models. In this talk, we will discuss some of the main ideas that surround this conjecture, with special emphasis on a topological generalization in terms of the continuous actions of Polish groups.
applications. In reality, the data stored are often dirty and contain
duplicated/missing entries, and it is a natural practice to clean the data
first before executing the query. However, the same query might return
different answers on different cleaned versions of the dataset. It is then
helpful to compute the consistent answers: the query answers that will always
be returned, regardless of how the dirty data is cleaned. In this talk, we
first introduce the connection between first-order logic and query languages
on databases, and then discuss the problem of Consistent Query Answering
(CQA): How to compute consistent answers on dirty data? Finally, we show
when the CQA problem can be solved using first-order logic for path queries.


=== October 12 - Karthik Ravishankar ===
=== '''October 10 - Yunting Zhang''' ===
'''Title:''' Some History of Logic ([[Media:Godel.pdf|Slides]])


Title: Notions of randomness for subsets of the Natural Numbers
'''Abstract:''' The lives of great thinkers are sometimes overshadowed by their achievements-and there is perhaps no better illustration of this phenomenon than the life and work of Gödel. Take a look at Gödel's own timeline and see how wars and other mathematicians influenced him.


Abstract: There are a number of notions of randomness of sets of natural numbers. These notions have been defined based on what a 'random object' should behave like such as being 'incompressible' or being 'hard to predict' etc. There is often a interplay between computability and randomness aspects of subsets of natural numbers. In this talk we motivate and present a few different notions of randomness and compare their relative strength.
=== '''October 17 - Alice Vidrine''' ===
'''Title:''' Local operators, bilayer Turing reducibility, and enumeration Weihrauch degrees ([[Media:LTeW-talk.pdf|Slides]])


=== October 26 - no seminar ===
'''Abstract:'''  Realizability toposes have a rich variety of subtoposes, corresponding to their local operators. These local operators are somewhat difficult to study in their usual form, which seems far removed from the usual objects of computability theoretic study. Recent work by Takayuki Kihara has given a characterization of the local operators on the effective topos in computability theoretic terms related to Weihrauch reduction, and which generalizes to several other realizability toposes of possible interest to computability theorists. This narrative-focused talk outlines what a realizability topos looks like, what local operators are, what Kihara's bilayer Turing reduction looks like, and how this leads to preliminary questions about a relative of the Weihrauch degrees based on enumeration reduction.


=== November 9 - Antonio Nákid Cordero ===
=== '''October 24 - Hongyu Zhu''' ===
'''Title:''' Investigating Natural Theories through the Consistency Operator ([[Media:ConsistencyOperator.pdf|Slides]])


Title: Martin's Conjecture: On the uniqueness of the Turing jump
'''Abstract:''' The phenomenon that "natural" theories tend to be linearly ordered in terms of consistency strength is a long-standing mystery. One approach to solving the problem is Martin's Conjecture, which roughly claims that the only natural functions on the Turing degrees are transfinite iterates of the Turing jump. In this talk we will focus on a similar approach, working inside the Lindenbaum algebra of elementary arithmetic instead of the Turing degrees. Here, the consistency operator takes the role of the jump. We will see that while some nice analogous claims can be established, there are also counterexamples that prevent us from strengthening the results in various ways.


Abstract: The partial order of the Turing degrees is well-known to be extremely complicated. However, all the Turing degrees that appear "naturally" in mathematics turn out to be well-ordered. In the '70s, Martin made a sharp conjecture explaining this phenomenon, the prime suspect: the Turing jump. This talk will explore the precise statement of Martin's conjecture and the interesting mathematics that surround it.
=== '''October 31 - Break for Halloween''' ===


=== November 23 - Antonio Nákid Cordero? ===
=== '''November 7 - John Spoerl''' ===
'''Title:''' Universal Algorithms


=== December 7 - John Spoerl ===
'''Abstract:''' Among the many ways we can flex Gödel’s Incompleteness theorems, there is one that feels especially strange: there is a partial computable function F, such that F gives no output in the standard model of arithmetic, but for any function G on natural numbers (computable or not) there is a non-standard model in which F behaves exactly as G. I’ll discuss some related arguments and some philosophical questions this may raise about our notions of finiteness and determinism.
 
=== '''November 14 - Josiah Jacobsen-Grocott''' ===
'''Title:''' The Paris-Harrington Theorem
 
'''Abstract:''' In this talk, I will present the proof of the Paris-Harrington theorem. The
Paris-Harrington theorem states that over PA the consistency of Peano arithmetic is equivalent to
a strengthening of the finite Ramsey theorem. This was the first example of a result from "ordinary
mathematics" that can not be proven by PA. The aim of this talk is to cover the main logical
steps in this proof and give some of the combinatorics.
 
=== '''November 21 - Karthik Ravishankar''' ===
'''Title:''' The computing power of Baire space vs Cantor Space
 
'''Abstract:''' Generic Muchnik reducibility extends the notion of Muchnik reducibility to the uncountable setting. In this talk we'll look at some recent work which comes up with another technique of constructing a structure of degree strictly between Cantor space and Baire Space. We'll see that there is a generic copy of Cantor space which computes no escaping function while every copy of Baire space computes a dominating function. We then construct a structure of intermediate degree which always computes an escaping function but no dominating function.
 
=== '''November 28 - Logan Heath''' ===
'''Title''': A Mathematical Analysis of Theories of Generative Grammar: The Peters-Ritchie Theorem
 
'''Abstract''': This is a preview of a talk intended primarily for undergraduate students in linguistics who have just completed a first course in syntax. The goal of the talk is to spark interest in applications of mathematical techniques to the study of theories of syntax. We will focus on the Peters-Ritchie Theorem which shows that transformational grammars can generate languages which are c.e., but not computable.
 
=== '''December 12 - Yuxiao Fu''' ===


== Previous Years ==
== Previous Years ==


The schedule of talks from past semesters can be found [[Graduate Logic Seminar, previous semesters|here]].
The schedule of talks from past semesters can be found [[Graduate Logic Seminar, previous semesters|here]].

Revision as of 00:01, 5 December 2022

The Graduate Logic Seminar is an informal space where graduate students and professors present topics related to logic which are not necessarily original or completed work. This is a space focused principally on practicing presentation skills or learning materials that are not usually presented in a class.

  • When: Mondays 3:30-4:30 PM
  • Where: Van Vleck B139
  • Organizers: Karthik Ravishankar and Antonio Nakid Cordero

The talk schedule is arranged at the beginning of each semester. If you would like to participate, please contact one of the organizers.

Sign up for the graduate logic seminar mailing list: join-grad-logic-sem@lists.wisc.edu

Fall 2022

September 12 - Organizational Meeting

We will meet to assign speakers to dates.

September 19 - Karthik Ravishankar

Title: Lowness for Isomorphism (Slides)

Abstract: A Turing degree is said to be low for isomorphism if it can only compute an isomorphism between computable structures only when a computable isomorphism already exists. In this talk, we show that the measure of the class of low for isomorphism sets in Cantor space is 0 and that no Martin Lof random is low for isomorphism.

September 26 - Antonio Nakid Cordero

Title: When Models became Polish: an introduction to the Topological Vaught Conjecture (Slides)

Abstract: Vaught's Conjecture, originally asked by Vaught in 1961, is one of the most (in)famous open problems in mathematical logic. The conjecture is that a complete theory on a countable language must either have countably-many or continuum-many non-isomorphic models. In this talk, we will discuss some of the main ideas that surround this conjecture, with special emphasis on a topological generalization in terms of the continuous actions of Polish groups.

October 10 - Yunting Zhang

Title: Some History of Logic (Slides)

Abstract: The lives of great thinkers are sometimes overshadowed by their achievements-and there is perhaps no better illustration of this phenomenon than the life and work of Gödel. Take a look at Gödel's own timeline and see how wars and other mathematicians influenced him.

October 17 - Alice Vidrine

Title: Local operators, bilayer Turing reducibility, and enumeration Weihrauch degrees (Slides)

Abstract: Realizability toposes have a rich variety of subtoposes, corresponding to their local operators. These local operators are somewhat difficult to study in their usual form, which seems far removed from the usual objects of computability theoretic study. Recent work by Takayuki Kihara has given a characterization of the local operators on the effective topos in computability theoretic terms related to Weihrauch reduction, and which generalizes to several other realizability toposes of possible interest to computability theorists. This narrative-focused talk outlines what a realizability topos looks like, what local operators are, what Kihara's bilayer Turing reduction looks like, and how this leads to preliminary questions about a relative of the Weihrauch degrees based on enumeration reduction.

October 24 - Hongyu Zhu

Title: Investigating Natural Theories through the Consistency Operator (Slides)

Abstract: The phenomenon that "natural" theories tend to be linearly ordered in terms of consistency strength is a long-standing mystery. One approach to solving the problem is Martin's Conjecture, which roughly claims that the only natural functions on the Turing degrees are transfinite iterates of the Turing jump. In this talk we will focus on a similar approach, working inside the Lindenbaum algebra of elementary arithmetic instead of the Turing degrees. Here, the consistency operator takes the role of the jump. We will see that while some nice analogous claims can be established, there are also counterexamples that prevent us from strengthening the results in various ways.

October 31 - Break for Halloween

November 7 - John Spoerl

Title: Universal Algorithms

Abstract: Among the many ways we can flex Gödel’s Incompleteness theorems, there is one that feels especially strange: there is a partial computable function F, such that F gives no output in the standard model of arithmetic, but for any function G on natural numbers (computable or not) there is a non-standard model in which F behaves exactly as G. I’ll discuss some related arguments and some philosophical questions this may raise about our notions of finiteness and determinism.

November 14 - Josiah Jacobsen-Grocott

Title: The Paris-Harrington Theorem

Abstract: In this talk, I will present the proof of the Paris-Harrington theorem. The Paris-Harrington theorem states that over PA the consistency of Peano arithmetic is equivalent to a strengthening of the finite Ramsey theorem. This was the first example of a result from "ordinary mathematics" that can not be proven by PA. The aim of this talk is to cover the main logical steps in this proof and give some of the combinatorics.

November 21 - Karthik Ravishankar

Title: The computing power of Baire space vs Cantor Space

Abstract: Generic Muchnik reducibility extends the notion of Muchnik reducibility to the uncountable setting. In this talk we'll look at some recent work which comes up with another technique of constructing a structure of degree strictly between Cantor space and Baire Space. We'll see that there is a generic copy of Cantor space which computes no escaping function while every copy of Baire space computes a dominating function. We then construct a structure of intermediate degree which always computes an escaping function but no dominating function.

November 28 - Logan Heath

Title: A Mathematical Analysis of Theories of Generative Grammar: The Peters-Ritchie Theorem

Abstract: This is a preview of a talk intended primarily for undergraduate students in linguistics who have just completed a first course in syntax. The goal of the talk is to spark interest in applications of mathematical techniques to the study of theories of syntax. We will focus on the Peters-Ritchie Theorem which shows that transformational grammars can generate languages which are c.e., but not computable.

December 12 - Yuxiao Fu

Previous Years

The schedule of talks from past semesters can be found here.